Sweet and Bitter Oranges: A Diverse World of Citrus Fruits
Oranges, a staple in many households, are not all alike. They fall into two main groups: sweet and bitter, each with unique varieties and uses. Let's delve into the fascinating world of these citrus fruits.
Sweet oranges, scientifically known as C. sinensis, are further divided into four classes. The common orange, including varieties like Valencia, Hart's Tardiff Valencia, and Hamlin, is the most widespread. Blood or pigmented oranges, like Maltese and Moro, are a natural mutation of C. sinensis. Navel oranges, such as Cara cara and Washington Navel, are commercially significant. Lastly, acid-less oranges have very little acid and aren't typically used for juicing.
Bitter oranges, C. aurantium, also have diverse varieties. Seville oranges and Bergamot oranges are well-known, while the Laraha fruit is used for Blue Curaçao liqueur. The Trifoliate orange, or Citrus trifoliata, is valued for its cold hardiness and ornamental use. Sweet oranges are believed to be a hybrid of the pomelo and mandarin.
From sweet common oranges to bitter varieties like Seville and Bergamot, each type of orange has its unique characteristics and uses. Understanding their origins and varieties can enhance our appreciation for these versatile fruits.
